Table of Contents Medieval - Renaissance Period (500-1600 ce) Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite 5th c. ce Syria/Unknown Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus 477-524 ce Italy (Rome) Philoponus, John 490-570 ce Egypt (Byzantine) Eriugena, John Scotus 815-877 ce Ireland Al-Kindi 801-873 ce Iraq Al-Farabi 872-950 ce Afghanistan Al-Haytham, Ibn (Alhazen) 965-1040 ce Iraq/Egypt Avicenna 980-1037 ce Iran Gabirol, Solomon ibn 1021-1070 ce Spain Al-Ghazali 1058-1111 ce Persia Averroes, Ibn Rushd 1126-1198 ce Spain Maimonides 1135-1204 ce Spain/Egypt Aquinas, Thomas 1225-1274 ce Italy Scotus, Duns 1266-1308 ce England William of Ockham 1287-1347 ce England Nicholas of Cusa 1401-1464 ce Germany Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni 1463-1494 ce Italy Erasmus, Desiderius 1466-1536 ce Netherlands More, Thomas 1478-1535 ce England Machiavelli, Niccolò 1469-1527 ce Italy Montaigne, Michel de 1533-1592 ce France Early Modern Period (c.